Sistem keamanan merupakan bagian sistem yang bertugas memberikan akses terhadap bagian-bagian yang dilindunginya. Jika unit yang dilindungi memiliki fungsi sangat vital yang hanya di boleh diakses oleh orang tertentu maka sistem keamanannya dibuat berlapis.

Infrastruktur sistem keamanan sudah sangat berkembang, beberapa yang sering digunakan pada aplikasi mikrokontroller diantaranya :

1. Kata sandi dengan tombol/keypad/remot tv
2. Kartu akses dengan RFID reader
3. Sidik jari
4. suara dengan voice recognition

Dalam perancangan dini menggunakan 2 lapis sistem keamanan yaitu kata sandi menggunakan keypad serta sidik jari.

Komponen yang digunakan:

1. ATMega8535
2. Keypad membrane 4×4
3. Fingerprint dy50
4. LCD I2c 16×2
5. Solenoid doorlock
6. Buzzer

Skema perancangan sistem keamanan berlapis (password dan fingerprint):
 

program code vision (cvavr) sistem keamanan menggunakan finger print dan keypad:

#include <mega8535.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include "fingerprint.h"
#include "lcdi2c.h"

// Declare your global variables here
#define password    "1234"
#define pinBuzzer   PORTD.3
#define pinKunci    PORTD.2

char buf[10];
uint8_t respon;

uint16_t timingFingerprintAktif;
uint16_t i;

char keypad;
char keypadBuffer[10];
bool statusPassword;
uint8_t keypadCnt;


#define DATA_REGISTER_EMPTY (1<<UDRE)
#define RX_COMPLETE (1<<RXC)
#define FRAMING_ERROR (1<<FE)
#define PARITY_ERROR (1<<UPE)
#define DATA_OVERRUN (1<<DOR)

// USART Receiver buffer
#define RX_BUFFER_SIZE 20
char rx_buffer[RX_BUFFER_SIZE];

#if RX_BUFFER_SIZE <= 256
unsigned char rx_wr_index=0,rx_rd_index=0;
#else
unsigned int rx_wr_index=0,rx_rd_index=0;
#endif

#if RX_BUFFER_SIZE < 256
unsigned char rx_counter=0;
#else
unsigned int rx_counter=0;
#endif

// This flag is set on USART Receiver buffer overflow
bit rx_buffer_overflow;

// USART Receiver interrupt service routine
interrupt [USART_RXC] void usart_rx_isr(void)
{
char status,data;
status=UCSRA;
data=UDR;
if ((status & (FRAMING_ERROR | PARITY_ERROR | DATA_OVERRUN))==0)
   {
   rx_buffer[rx_wr_index++]=data;
#if RX_BUFFER_SIZE == 256
   // special case for receiver buffer size=256
   if (++rx_counter == 0) rx_buffer_overflow=1;
#else
   if (rx_wr_index == RX_BUFFER_SIZE) rx_wr_index=0;
   if (++rx_counter == RX_BUFFER_SIZE)
      {
      rx_counter=0;
      rx_buffer_overflow=1;
      }
#endif
   }
}

#ifndef _DEBUG_TERMINAL_IO_
// Get a character from the USART Receiver buffer
#define _ALTERNATE_GETCHAR_
#pragma used+
char getchar(void)
{
char data;
while (rx_counter==0);
data=rx_buffer[rx_rd_index++];
#if RX_BUFFER_SIZE != 256
if (rx_rd_index == RX_BUFFER_SIZE) rx_rd_index=0;
#endif
#asm("cli")
--rx_counter;
#asm("sei")
return data;
}
#pragma used-
#endif


char scanning_keypad()
{
    PORTB = 0b01111111;
    delay_ms(20);
    if(PINB.0 == 0){while(PINB.0 == 0);return 'A';}
    if(PINB.1 == 0){while(PINB.1 == 0);return 'B';}
    if(PINB.2 == 0){while(PINB.2 == 0);return 'C';}
    if(PINB.3 == 0){while(PINB.3 == 0);return 'D';}
     
    PORTB = 0b10111111;
    delay_ms(20);
    if(PINB.0 == 0){while(PINB.0 == 0);return '3';}
    if(PINB.1 == 0){while(PINB.1 == 0);return '6';}
    if(PINB.2 == 0){while(PINB.2 == 0);return '9';}
    if(PINB.3 == 0){while(PINB.3 == 0);return '#';}
     
    PORTB = 0b11011111;
    delay_ms(20);
    if(PINB.0 == 0){while(PINB.0 == 0);return '2';}
    if(PINB.1 == 0){while(PINB.1 == 0);return '5';}
    if(PINB.2 == 0){while(PINB.2 == 0);return '8';}
    if(PINB.3 == 0){while(PINB.3 == 0);return '0';}
     
    PORTB = 0b11101111;
    delay_ms(20);
    if(PINB.0 == 0){while(PINB.0 == 0);return '1';}
    if(PINB.1 == 0){while(PINB.1 == 0);return '4';}
    if(PINB.2 == 0){while(PINB.2 == 0);return '7';}
    if(PINB.3 == 0){while(PINB.3 == 0);return '*';}    
    
    return 0;
     
}


// Standard Input/Output functions
#include <stdio.h>

void main(void)
{
// Declare your local variables here

// Input/Output Ports initialization
// Port A initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In 
DDRA=(0<<DDA7) | (0<<DDA6) | (0<<DDA5) | (0<<DDA4) | (0<<DDA3) | (0<<DDA2) | (0<<DDA1) | (0<<DDA0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T 
PORTA=(0<<PORTA7) | (0<<PORTA6) | (0<<PORTA5) | (0<<PORTA4) | (0<<PORTA3) | (0<<PORTA2) | (0<<PORTA1) | (0<<PORTA0);

// Port B initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In 
DDRB=(1<<DDB7) | (1<<DDB6) | (1<<DDB5) | (1<<DDB4) | (0<<DDB3) | (0<<DDB2) | (0<<DDB1) | (0<<DDB0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T 
PORTB=(0<<PORTB7) | (0<<PORTB6) | (0<<PORTB5) | (0<<PORTB4) | (1<<PORTB3) | (1<<PORTB2) | (1<<PORTB1) | (1<<PORTB0);

// Port C initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=Out Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In 
DDRC=(0<<DDC7) | (0<<DDC6) | (0<<DDC5) | (1<<DDC4) | (0<<DDC3) | (0<<DDC2) | (0<<DDC1) | (0<<DDC0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=0 Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T 
PORTC=(0<<PORTC7) | (0<<PORTC6) | (0<<PORTC5) | (0<<PORTC4) | (0<<PORTC3) | (0<<PORTC2) | (0<<PORTC1) | (0<<PORTC0);

// Port D initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In 
DDRD=(0<<DDD7) | (0<<DDD6) | (0<<DDD5) | (0<<DDD4) | (1<<DDD3) | (1<<DDD2) | (0<<DDD1) | (0<<DDD0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T 
PORTD=(0<<PORTD7) | (0<<PORTD6) | (0<<PORTD5) | (0<<PORTD4) | (0<<PORTD3) | (0<<PORTD2) | (0<<PORTD1) | (0<<PORTD0);

// Timer/Counter 0 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer 0 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFF
// OC0 output: Disconnected
TCCR0=(0<<WGM00) | (0<<COM01) | (0<<COM00) | (0<<WGM01) | (0<<CS02) | (0<<CS01) | (0<<CS00);
TCNT0=0x00;
OCR0=0x00;

// Timer/Counter 1 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer1 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFFFF
// OC1A output: Disconnected
// OC1B output: Disconnected
// Noise Canceler: Off
// Input Capture on Falling Edge
// Timer1 Overflow Interrupt: Off
// Input Capture Interrupt: Off
// Compare A Match Interrupt: Off
// Compare B Match Interrupt: Off
TCCR1A=(0<<COM1A1) | (0<<COM1A0) | (0<<COM1B1) | (0<<COM1B0) | (0<<WGM11) | (0<<WGM10);
TCCR1B=(0<<ICNC1) | (0<<ICES1) | (0<<WGM13) | (0<<WGM12) | (0<<CS12) | (0<<CS11) | (0<<CS10);
TCNT1H=0x00;
TCNT1L=0x00;
ICR1H=0x00;
ICR1L=0x00;
OCR1AH=0x00;
OCR1AL=0x00;
OCR1BH=0x00;
OCR1BL=0x00;

// Timer/Counter 2 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer2 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFF
// OC2 output: Disconnected
ASSR=0<<AS2;
TCCR2=(0<<WGM20) | (0<<COM21) | (0<<COM20) | (0<<WGM21) | (0<<CS22) | (0<<CS21) | (0<<CS20);
TCNT2=0x00;
OCR2=0x00;

// Timer(s)/Counter(s) Interrupt(s) initialization
TIMSK=(0<<OCIE2) | (0<<TOIE2) | (0<<TICIE1) | (0<<OCIE1A) | (0<<OCIE1B) | (0<<TOIE1) | (0<<OCIE0) | (0<<TOIE0);

// External Interrupt(s) initialization
// INT0: Off
// INT1: Off
// INT2: Off
MCUCR=(0<<ISC11) | (0<<ISC10) | (0<<ISC01) | (0<<ISC00);
MCUCSR=(0<<ISC2);

// USART initialization
// Communication Parameters: 8 Data, 1 Stop, No Parity
// USART Receiver: On
// USART Transmitter: On
// USART Mode: Asynchronous
// USART Baud Rate: 57600
UCSRA=(0<<RXC) | (0<<TXC) | (0<<UDRE) | (0<<FE) | (0<<DOR) | (0<<UPE) | (0<<U2X) | (0<<MPCM);
UCSRB=(1<<RXCIE) | (0<<TXCIE) | (0<<UDRIE) | (1<<RXEN) | (1<<TXEN) | (0<<UCSZ2) | (0<<RXB8) | (0<<TXB8);
UCSRC=(1<<URSEL) | (0<<UMSEL) | (0<<UPM1) | (0<<UPM0) | (0<<USBS) | (1<<UCSZ1) | (1<<UCSZ0) | (0<<UCPOL);
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x08;

// Analog Comparator initialization
// Analog Comparator: Off
// The Analog Comparator's positive input is
// connected to the AIN0 pin
// The Analog Comparator's negative input is
// connected to the AIN1 pin
ACSR=(1<<ACD) | (0<<ACBG) | (0<<ACO) | (0<<ACI) | (0<<ACIE) | (0<<ACIC) | (0<<ACIS1) | (0<<ACIS0);
SFIOR=(0<<ACME);

// ADC initialization
// ADC disabled
ADCSRA=(0<<ADEN) | (0<<ADSC) | (0<<ADATE) | (0<<ADIF) | (0<<ADIE) | (0<<ADPS2) | (0<<ADPS1) | (0<<ADPS0);

// SPI initialization
// SPI disabled
SPCR=(0<<SPIE) | (0<<SPE) | (0<<DORD) | (0<<MSTR) | (0<<CPOL) | (0<<CPHA) | (0<<SPR1) | (0<<SPR0);

// TWI initialization
// TWI disabled
TWCR=(0<<TWEA) | (0<<TWSTA) | (0<<TWSTO) | (0<<TWEN) | (0<<TWIE);

// Global enable interrupts
#asm("sei")

i2c_begin();
lcd_begin(0x27,16,2); // alamat lcd i2c
lcd_clear();
lcd_puts("Sistem Keamanan");
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts("www.semesin.com");
delay_ms(3000);

lcd_clear();
//rx_wr_index = 15;
fingerPrintBegin((uint8_t*)&rx_buffer, &rx_wr_index);
respon = checkPassword();
//sprintf(buf, "%2X", respon);
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts("Akses terbatas  ");

delay_ms(2000);

keypadCnt = 0;

while (1)
      {
      // Place your code here
            while(1)
            {      
                if(!statusPassword)
                {
                    keypad = scanning_keypad();
                    if(keypad)
                    {
                        if(keypad == '#')
                        {           
                            keypadBuffer[keypadCnt] = 0; 
                                         
                            lcd_clear();              
                            lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
                            if(strcmp(keypadBuffer, password) == 0)
                            {
                                statusPassword = 1;          
                                timingFingerprintAktif = 30000;
                                lcd_puts("Tempel sidikjari");
                            }
                            else    
                            {
                                statusPassword = 0;
                                lcd_puts("Password salah  ");
                                for(i=0;i<3;i++)
                                {
                                    pinBuzzer = 1;
                                    delay_ms(1000);
                                    pinBuzzer = 0;
                                    delay_ms(1000);
                                }
                                lcd_clear();
                                lcd_puts("Akses terbatas  ");
                                
                            }                      
                            keypadCnt = 0;
                    		
                        }
                        if((keypad >= '0') &&(keypad <= '9')) 
                        {            
                            if(keypadCnt == 0)
                            {
                                lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
                                lcd_puts("Password :       ");
                            }                     
                            if(keypadCnt < 4)
                            {
                                lcd_gotoxy(keypadCnt,1);
                                lcd_send_data(keypad);          
                                keypadBuffer[keypadCnt] = keypad;
                                keypadCnt++;
                            }  
                    	
                        }
                    	
                    }          
                }
                else
                {
                    delay_ms(1);
                    timingFingerprintAktif--;
                    if(!timingFingerprintAktif)
                    {
                        statusPassword = 0;
                        pinBuzzer = 1;
                        delay_ms(1000);
                        pinBuzzer = 0;    
                        lcd_clear();
                        lcd_puts("Panel           ");  
                        
                    }   
                    lcd_gotoxy(0,1);  
                    lcd_puts("Tempelkan jari  ");
                    respon = getImage();
                    if(respon != FINGERPRINT_OK)
                    {
                        break;
                    }  

                    lcd_gotoxy(0,1);  
                    lcd_puts("Konversi gambar ");
                    respon = image2Tz(1);
                    if(respon != FINGERPRINT_OK)
                    {
                        break;
                    }  
                    
                    lcd_gotoxy(0,1);  
                    lcd_puts("Mencari id      ");
                    respon = fingerFastSearch();
                    if(respon != FINGERPRINT_OK)
                    {
                        break;
                    }                     
                    lcd_clear();
                    sprintf(buf, "id = %2d", fingerID);
                    lcd_gotoxy(0,1);  
                    lcd_puts(buf);
                    lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
                    lcd_puts("Panel");
                                        
                    pinKunci = 1;
                    delay_ms(5000);
                    pinKunci = 0; 
                }
            }
      }
}

library:

1. fingerprint.h
2. lcdi2c.h